10.Escondida, Chile
Uridzi hwemugodhi weESCONDIDA kuAtacama Desert kuchamhembe kweChile wakakamurwa pakati peBHP Billiton (57.5%) , Rio Tinto (30%) neMitsubishi-inotungamirwa majoint ventures (12.5% asanganiswa) .Mugodhi uyu wakatora chikamu che5 muzana chekugadzirwa kwemhangura yepasi rose muna 2016. Kugadzirwa kwakatanga kuderera mumakore achangopfuura, uye BHP Billiton yakati mumushumo wayo we2019 pamusoro pezvakanakira mugodhi kuti kugadzirwa kwemhangura muEscondida kwakadonha ne6 muzana kubva pagore rezvemari rapfuura kusvika 1.135. miriyoni matani, kuderera kunotarisirwa, imhaka yekuti kambani inofanotaura kuderera kwe12 muzana mugiredhi remhangura.Muna 2018, BHP yakavhura ESCONDIDA desalination chirimwa kuti chishandiswe mumigodhi, ipapo chikuru mukubvisa salination.Chirimwa ichi chave kuwedzera zvishoma nezvishoma mashandiro ayo, nemvura yakasvibiswa inoverengera makumi mana kubva muzana yemvura inoshandiswa nechirimwa pakupera kwegore rezvemari 2019. kukanganisa kukuru pakuvandudzwa kwemugodhi wose.
Tsananguro:
Main mineral: Copper
Mushandisi: BHP Billiton (BHP)
Kutanga: 1990
Kugadzirwa kwegore negore: 1,135 kilotons (2019)
09. Mir, Russia
Mugodhi wechigayo wekuSiberia waimbova mugodhi mukuru wedhaimani mune yaimbova Soviet Union.Gomba rakavhurika rakadzika mamita 525 uye 1.2 makiromita muhupamhi.Inoonekwa seimwe yemakomba makuru ekuchera pasi uye ndiro dombo repakona reyaimbova Soviet diamond indasitiri.Gomba rakavhurika rakashanda kubva 1957 kusvika 2001, rakavharwa zviri pamutemo muna 2004, rakavhurwazve muna 2009 uye rakafamba pasi pevhu.Pawakavharwa muna 2001, mugodhi uyu wainzi wainge wabura mabhiriyoni gumi nemanomwe emadhora emangoda.Mugodhi weSiberian chigayo, uyo wava kushanda neAlrosa, kambani huru yemadhaimondi yeRussia, unogadzira zviuru zviviri zvemadhaimondi pagore, zvikamu makumi mapfumbamwe neshanu kubva muzana zvekugadzirwa kwemadhaimondi munyika, uye unotarisirwa kuenderera mberi nekushanda kusvika muna 2059.
Tsananguro:
Main mineral: madhaimondi
Operator: Alrosa
Kutanga: 1957
Kugadzirwa kwegore negore: 2,000 kg
08. Boddington, Australia
Mugodhi weBODDINGTON ndiwo mugodhi mukuru wegoridhe wekuAustralia wakavhurika, uchipfuura mugodhi wepamusoro wakakurumbira (Feston open-pit) pawakatangazve kugadzira muna 2009. Madhipoziti egoridhe muBoddington neMaanfeng greenstone belt kuWestern Australia ndiwo madhipoziti egoridhe erudzi rwegreenstone.Mushure memubatanidzwa wematatu-matatu pakati peNewmont, Anglogoldashanti neNewcrest, Newmont yakawana chikamu muAngloGold muna 2009, ikava iye ega muridzi nemushandi wekambani.Mugodhi uyu unoburitsawo copper sulfate, uye muna Kurume 2011, makore maviri chete gare gare, wakagadzira matani 28,35 egoridhe ekutanga.Newmont yakatanga chirongwa chemasango carbon offset muBurdington muna 2009 uye yakadyara 800,000 horsepower saplings kuNew South Wales neWestern Australia.Kambani iyi inofungidzira kuti miti iyi ichatora matani mazana matatu ezviuru zvekabhoni pamakore makumi matatu kusvika makumi mashanu, uku ichivandudza salinity yevhu uye zvipenyu zvemuno, uye ichitsigira chirongwa cheAustralia Clean Energy Act uye Carbon Agriculture chirongwa, chirongwa cheprojekiti chakaita basa rakakosha mukuvaka. zvemigodhi yakasvibira.
Tsananguro:
Main mineral: Goridhe
Mushandisi: Newmont
Kutanga: 1987
Kugadzirwa kwegore negore: 21.8 matani
07. Kiruna, Sweden
Mugodhi weKIRUNA muLapland, Sweden, ndiwo mugodhi mukuru wesimbi pasi rose uye wakaiswa zvakanaka kuti utarise Aurora Borealis.Mugodhi uyu wakatanga kucherwa muna 1898 uye wave kushandiswa nekambani yehurumende yeluosvara-kiirunaara Aktiebolag (LKAB) , kambani yemugodhi yekuSweden.Kukura kwemugodhi wesimbi weKiruna kwakaita kuti guta reKiruna risarudze muna 2004 kutamisa pakati peguta nekuda kwengozi yekuti yaizokonzera kunyura kwepasi.Kutamiswa kwacho kwakatanga muna 2014 uye pakati peguta richavakwazve muna 2022. Muna May 2020, kudengenyeka kwenyika kwakakura 4,9 kwakaitika mumugodhi wemugodhi nekuda kwemabasa emigodhi.Zvinoenderana neyemugodhi seismic monitoring system kuyerwa, epicenter kudzika kunosvika 1.1 km.
Tsananguro:
Main mineral: iron
Mushandisi: LKAB
Kutanga: 1989
Kugadzirwa kwegore negore: 26.9 mamiriyoni matani (2018)
06. Imbwa Tsvuku, US
Iri munharaunda yeAlaska yeArctic, mugodhi weRed Dog ndiwo mugodhi mukuru we zinc munyika.Mugodhi uyu unofambiswa neTeck Resources, iyo inogadzirawo lead nesirivha.Mugodhi uyu, uyo unouchika chikamu che10% chezinc yepasi rose, unotarisirwa kushanda kusvika muna 2031. Mugodhi uyu uri kushoropodzwa nekukanganisa kwawakaita nharaunda, sangano reUnited States Environmental Protection Agency richiti uri kuburitsa zvinhu zvine muchetura zvakanyanya kudarika zvimwe zvese. nzvimbo muUnited States.Kunyangwe mutemo weAlaskan uchibvumira mvura yakacheneswa kuti ibudiswe munzizi network, Tektronix yakatarisana nematare muna 2016 pamusoro pekusvibiswa kweRwizi rweUrik.Zvakadaro, United States Environmental Protection Agency yakabvumira Alaska kuti ibvise padyo Red Dog Creek uye ICARUS rukova kubva parunyorwa rwemvura yakasvibiswa zvakanyanya.
Tsananguro:
Main mineral: Zinc
Operator: Teck Zviwanikwa
Kutanga: 1989
Kugadzirwa kwegore negore: 515,200 matani
Nguva yekutumira: Feb-22-2022