05. Carajás, Brazil
KARAGAS ndiyo inogadzira pasi rose inogadzira iron ore, ine inofungidzirwa kuchengetedza inosvika 7.2 bn tonnes.Yayo Mine Operator, Vale, inyanzvi yesimbi yekuBrazil uye nyanzvi yezvicherwa, ndiyo inogadzira pasi rose yesimbi uye nickel uye inoshandisa zvivakwa zvipfumbamwe zvemagetsi emvura.Mugodhi uyu unofambiswa nedhamu riri pedyo reTukurui hydroelectric dhamu, rimwe reBrazil rinogadzira zvakanyanya uye rekutanga chirongwa chemagetsi chinopedzwa muAmazon rainforest.Tukuri, zvisinei, ari kunze kwekutonga kwaVale.Karagas iron ore ibwe rinokosha mukorona yaVale.Dombo rayo rine 67 per cent iron uye nokudaro rinopa ore yemhando yepamusoro.Nzvimbo dzakatevedzana pamugodhi dzinofukidza zvikamu zvitatu kubva muzana zvesango rose renyika yeBrazil, uye CVRD yakazvipira kuchengetedza chikamu chasara che97 percent kuburikidza nekudyidzana kwakanaka neICMBIO neIBAMA.Pakati pemamwe mapurojekiti ebudiriro, Vale yakagadzira ore recycling system inoita kuti kambani igadzirise zvakare 5.2 miriyoni matani e-ultra-fine ore akaiswa mumadziva ekumisa.
Tsananguro:
Main mineral: iron
Operator: Vale
Kutanga: 1969
Kugadzirwa kwegore negore: 104.88 mamiriyoni matani (2013)
04. Grasberg, Indonesia
Inozivikanwa kwemakore akawanda sedhipoziti yakakura kwazvo yepasirese, iyo Glasberg goridhe dhipoziti muIndonesia ndiyo yakajairwa porphyry goridhe dhipoziti, iyo matura aionekwa seasina basa pakati pemakore ekuma1980, yaive isati yasvika pakuongorora muna 1988 muPT Freeport Indonesia iyo yakawanikwa vane matura makuru achiri kucherwa.Matura ayo anofungidzirwa kuita mabhiriyoni makumi mana emadhora uye ruzhinji rweFreeport-McMoRan yakabatana neRio Tinto, rimwe remahofori ezvicherwa akakosha pasi rose.Mugodhi uyu une mwero wakasarudzika uye ndiwo mugodhi wegoridhe wepamusoro pasi rose (5030m).Pane imwe gomba rakashama uye pamwe pasi pevhu.Kubva muna 2016, zvingangoita makumi manomwe neshanu kubva muzana zvezvakabuda zvinobva mumigodhi yakavhurika.Freeport-McMoRan inoronga kupedzisa kugadzwa kwechoto chitsva pachirimwa panosvika 2022.
Tsananguro:
Main mineral: Goridhe
Operator: PT Freeport Indonesia
Kutanga: 1972
Kugadzirwa kwegore negore: 26.8 matani (2019)
03. Debmarine, Namibia
Debmarine Namibia yakasiyana nekuti haisi mugodhi chaiwo, asi nhevedzano yemigodhi yekunze kwenyika inotungamirwa neDebmarine Namibia, mubatanidzwa we50-50 pakati peDe Beer Group nehurumende yeNamibia.Oparesheni iyi yakaitika kubva kumhenderekedzo yekumaodzanyemba kweNamibia uye kambani yakatumira boka rengarava shanu kuti dzitore madhaimondi.Muna Chivabvu 2019, mubatanidzwa uyu wakazivisa kuti uchagadzira uye nekutanga chikepe chepasi rose chekugadzirisa madhaimondi, chichatanga kushanda muna 2022 nemutengo wemadhora mazana mana nemakumi matanhatu nemasere.Debmarine Namibia inoti ndiyo mari yakakosha zvikuru munhoroondo yeindasitiri yemadhaimani.Mabasa emigodhi anoitwa kuburikidza maviri akakosha matekinoroji: aerial kuchera uye crawler-mhando yekuchera tekinoroji.Ngarava imwe neimwe iri mungarava inokwanisa kuronda, kutsvaga uye kuongorora pasi pegungwa, ichishandisa tekinoroji yekuchera yemazuva ano kuti iwedzere kugadzirwa.
Tsananguro:
Main mineral: madhaimondi
Mutevedzeri: Debmarine Namibia
Kutanga: 2002
Kugadzirwa kwegore negore: 1.4 MARIONI KARATS
02. Morenci, US
Moresi, Arizona, ndeimwe yevagadziri vemhangura hombe pasi rose, inofungidzirwa kuti inochengeterwa matani mabhiriyoni 3.2 uye mhangura ye0.16 muzana.Freeport-McMoRan ine chikamu chikuru mumugodhi uye Sumitomo ine zvikamu makumi maviri nemasere kubva muzana mukushanda kwayo.Mugodhi uyu wave uchichera mugomba kubva muna 1939 uye unogadzira matani 102 000 ematombo emhangura pagore.Pakutanga waicherwa pasi pevhu, mugodhi uyu wakatanga shanduko yekuchera gomba rakavhurika muna 1937. Mugodhi weMORESI, chikamu chakakosha chemauto eUS munguva yehondo, wakada kupeta nekaviri zvawakabuda muHondo Yenyika II.Zviviri zvezvinonyungudutsa zvaro zvekare zvakabviswa uye zvakadzokororwa, yechipiri iyo yakaguma kushanda muna 1984. Muna 2015, chirongwa chekuwedzera chesimbi chesimbi chakapedzwa, zvichiwedzera kukwanisa kwechirimwa kusvika kumatani 115,000 pazuva.Mugodhi uyu unotarisirwa kusvika mugore ra2044.
Tsananguro:
Main mineral: Copper
Mushandisi: Freeport-McMoRan
Kutanga: 1939
Kugadzirwa kwegore negore: 102,000 matani
01. Mponeng, South Africa
Mugodhi weGoridhe weMPONENG, uri makiromita makumi matanhatu nemashanu kumadokero kweJohannesburg uye makiromita angada kusvika mana pasi peGauteng, ndiyo ine goridhe rakadzama pasi rose maererano nemwero wepasi.Nekudzika kwemugodhi, tembiricha yeRock yakasvika pa 66 °C, uye mazaya echando akapombwa muvhu, zvichidzikisa tembiricha yemhepo pasi pe30 °C.Mugodhi unoshandisa tekinoroji yekutevera tekinoroji kuti kuwedzere kuchengetedzwa kwevashandi vemigodhi, iyo tekinoroji inobatsira kukurumidza uye zvinobudirira kuzivisa vashandi vepasi pevhu ruzivo rwakakodzera rwekuchengetedza.Anglogold Ashanti ndivo muridzi uye vanoshandisa mugodhi uyu, asi yakabvuma kutengesa nzvimbo iyi kuHarmony Gold muna Kukadzi 2020. Pakazosvika Chikumi 2020, Harmony Gold yakanga yaunganidza mari inodarika $200m kuti iwane mari yekutorwa kwemidziyo yeMPONENG yeAngloGold.
Tsananguro:
Main mineral: Goridhe
Operator: Harmony Goridhe
Kutanga: 1981
Kugadzirwa kwegore negore: 9.9 matani
Nguva yekutumira: Feb-22-2022